Today the VFD could very well be the most common type of output or load for a control program. As applications become more complex the VFD has the ability to control the swiftness of the electric motor, the direction the electric motor shaft can be turning, the torque the motor provides to a load and any other engine parameter that can be sensed. These VFDs are also obtainable in smaller sized sizes that are cost-efficient and take up much less space.
The arrival of advanced microprocessors has allowed the VFD works as an exceptionally versatile device that not merely controls the speed of the motor, but protects against overcurrent during ramp-up and ramp-down conditions. Newer VFDs also provide ways of braking, power enhance during ramp-up, and a number of controls during ramp-down. The biggest cost savings that the VFD provides can be that it can ensure that the engine doesn’t pull extreme current when it begins, therefore the overall demand element for the entire factory can be controlled to keep the utility bill as low as possible. This feature alone can provide payback in excess of the cost of the VFD in less than one year after purchase. It is important to remember that with a traditional motor starter, they will draw locked-rotor amperage (LRA) when they are beginning. When the locked-rotor amperage occurs across many motors in a manufacturing facility, it pushes the electric demand too high which often results in the plant spending a penalty for all the electricity consumed during the billing period. Since the penalty may become as much as 15% to 25%, the savings on a $30,000/month electric bill can be used to justify the buy VFDs for practically every motor in the plant actually if the application form may not require operating at variable speed.
This usually limited how big is the motor that could be controlled by a frequency and they weren’t commonly used. The earliest VFDs used linear amplifiers to control all areas of the VFD. Jumpers and dip switches were utilized provide ramp-up (acceleration) and ramp-down (deceleration) features by switching larger or smaller resistors into circuits with capacitors to develop different slopes.
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